<html><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12pt"><div><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 19px; ">Hi folks</span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; "><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 19px; "><br></span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; "><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 19px; ">If you missed the form on Energy Futures & Health, here are the notes I took. </span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; ">Part 1 covers the afternoon session, Part 2 the evening session. </div><div
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; "><br></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; ">Lulu </div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; "><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 19px; "><br></span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; "><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 19px; ">_______________________________________________________________</span><br></div><div style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><div style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', 'new
york', times, serif; "><div id="yiv1727743793"><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><div id="yiv1727743793"><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442"
class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;">Energy Futures & Health: Part 1, Building a Clean & Healthy Energy Future</span><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;">Notes taken on September 12th, 2012.</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;">Introduction by Dr. Neil Arya </span><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_134800406797458" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;">First speaker: </span><span
style="background-color:transparent;">Dr. Alan Abelsohn</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Brief Bio: Consultant for Health Canada, World Conference of Family Physicians,
Ontario College of Family Physicians, Addressing impacts of Climate Change on Human Health. Epidemiologist: Health Canada.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597478"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Air Quality Health Index: AQHI (Toronto Lung Association)</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.on.lung.ca/page.aspx?pid=443"
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974102">http://www.on.lung.ca/page.aspx?pid=443</a><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597497"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974109"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Illness costs of smog associated with particulates impacting heart and lungs. More exercise means higher volumes of particulates inhaled and greater risk for: </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span
style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974196"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974199"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974191">Asthma, </span><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Ischemia</div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Cardiac Failure </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Stroke</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974177"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Long term impacts include: Increased mortality, cancer, pnumonia, more heart plaque, pregnancy effects,
asthma, lung function and growth impacts. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974206"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Illness Costs of Smog costs 8 billion annually, 3.6 billion in Ontario.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974237"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style:
normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">AQHI toxins include: </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">NO2 aka nitrogen dioxide ( measured in ppb) </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">O3 aka ozone (measured in ppb)</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Particulate Matter
(2.5ug/m3) </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974272"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Date of interest: view Aug. 17-23 2003 Regional Smog reports from Toronto.<br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974265"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974291"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color:
transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">To view local
readings visit Air Quality Health Index at Health Canada online at : <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.ec.gc.ca/cas-aqhi/" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974298">http://www.ec.gc.ca/cas-aqhi/</a></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974317"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Tip: Don't exercise near traffic. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974326"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Great report to look at: NOAA's State of the Climate Report 2009</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/bams-state-of-the-climate/2009.php" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974333">http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/bams-state-of-the-climate/2009.php</a></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974344"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Climate Change is a public health issue!</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974364">Direct implications by temperature increases and extreme weather events. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974369">Indirect
impacts by way of air pollution, food and water contamination, increased vector born diseases, food and water security issues and sea level rise. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974389"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974399"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974394">Heat and Temperature: 2003 mortality rate in Paris, June 23 to August 19 2003</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0,
0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974477"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974487"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="color:rgb(128, 0,
0);" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974583">*NOTE at the lecture no specific details were given but when I later reviewed the date I found this report that cited a </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974411"><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="color:rgb(128, 0, 0);"><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974507"><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974433">A 130% </span></font><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974451">increase in the expected mortality was consequently </span><span
style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974501">observed during August 2003 in
Paris.</span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974504"><span style="line-height: 14px; color: rgb(128, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974515">hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/21/34/PDF/cc5092.pd</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974623">f</span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974631"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica,
sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974626"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974642"></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974650"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974645"><span style="font-size:19px;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974658">Health Canada Communicating Health Risks of Extreme Heat Events Toolkit: </span><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974653"></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span
style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974673"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974672"><span style="font-size:19px;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974665"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/climat/heat-chaleur/index-eng.php" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974681">http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/climat/heat-chaleur/index-eng.php</a><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974676"></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974705"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent;
font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Vector Risks; Lyme Disease in Canada</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974716">In developing nations: Malaria, diarrhea, Malnutrition, Water
contamination, population displacement</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">In the Arctic: extreme impacts</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974766"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Those who don't produce Green House Gas face the worst effects</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial,
helvetica, sans-serif; ">China, Africa, South America face
moral dilemma.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974786"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Health Costs and benefits of Low Carbon Policy</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Vegeterian diet is healthier</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Less energy in
transportation makes for more active living</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Less electricity reduces pollution.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974811"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Q & A info:</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">We have reduced NO2 in
Ontario. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Trans-boundrary air pollution is improving</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Cars are getting better but more cars negates the benefit</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Phasing out coal is working.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">When it comes to air quality
issues boys tend to have more asthma more than girls.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Elderly most at risk due to diabetes, heart disease.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">_____________________________________________________________________</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974857"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent;
font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Second speaker: Dr. Cathy Vakil, <span style="background-color:transparent;">Queens University</span><span style="background-color:transparent;"> (speaking independently) about </span><span style="background-color:transparent;">Radioactivity, Health and the Nuclear Industry</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974913"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">In Isotopes: neutrons numbers differ and are unstable. It projects energy which we call radiation.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442"
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974929"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Showed chart of Radioactive Decay with the top being most active: Uranium 239 to the end
point of Lead 206 which is stable. Link to the same chart here: </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=uranium+238+to+lead&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1182&bih=619&tbm=isch&tbnid=mEntclxk7CjEdM:&imgrefurl=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/elements/imagine/09.html&docid=tNqj26c6UDrhAM&imgurl=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/teachers/posters/elements/booklet/radioactivedecay_bw_big.jpg&w=700&h=1000&ei=y8pYUJuMF6SA0AHes4DQDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=823&vpy=230&dur=1324&hovh=268&hovw=188&tx=98&ty=155&sig=102696435215927884836&page=1&tbnh=135&tbnw=93&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:0,i:110"
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974943">http://www.google.ca/imgres?q=uranium+238+to+lead&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1182&bih=619&tbm=isch&tbnid=mEntclxk7CjEdM:&imgrefurl=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/elements/imagine/09.html&docid=tNqj26c6UDrhAM&imgurl=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/teachers/posters/elements/booklet/radioactivedecay_bw_big.jpg&w=700&h=1000&ei=y8pYUJuMF6SA0AHes4DQDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=823&vpy=230&dur=1324&hovh=268&hovw=188&tx=98&ty=155&sig=102696435215927884836&page=1&tbnh=135&tbnw=93&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:0,i:110</a><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974938"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974875"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">We are already seeing examples of radioactive terrorism being used to kill people ie: Arafat and Alexander Litvinenko killed by polonium 210. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974961"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Uranium 238 currently being refined in Port Hope. Uranium 235 enriched in the US (Not Canada). </div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Depleted Uranium produced in Canada is U-238</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974980"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974985">Radion from U-238 is a carcinogen known to cause lung cancer. It contaminates air, soil, water and aquifer systems.</span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741008"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741011"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741003">Neutrons released from U-235 causes atoms to split which makes heat used to boil water to turn turbines which creates electricity. It's basically a controlled bomb effect.</span><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741019"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px;
background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741032"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Alpha fuel rod can be held
in the hands. This rod goes into the processing and when gamma is spent it creates a dangerous radioactive and toxic waste. <span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741053">There are 200 new products for this spent waste. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741071">Plutonium reactor fuels bombs. It must be stored in water 10 years to cool the waste materials, after that it is placed in dry storage. There are 40,000 tonnes of it in Canada. </span><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741081"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style:
normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741076"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741089"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741084">Gamma rays penetrates. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741121">Both Alpha and Beta particles can be ingested or inhaled. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color:
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;" id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741099"><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741108">Polonium/ U238 are both radon alpha emitters. </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741133">Strontium 90, Cesium 137, Iodine 131 are beta emitters.</span><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741128"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; background-color: transparent; font-style:
normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741136"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741146"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741141"><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741151"><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741154">Acute Radiation sickness can cause DNA damages, birth defects, immune dysfunction, diabetes, heart disease and auto immune issues. Radiation builds up in the blood, the gonads, embryonic tissues, GI tract. Particularly harmful to children who have fast growing tissues. </span></span></span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741165"><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741164"><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741157"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741179"></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741176"><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741175"><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741168">2.4 mSv background radiation in our
environment</span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741192"><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741191"><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741184">1.0 mSv acceptable public level/year. </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741205"><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741204"><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741197"><br
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741219"></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Nuclear power plant workers: 100mSv/5 year or max 50/mSv per year is accepted in Canada currently. Currently there are 3.2 excess deaths in nuclear power plant workers.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741241"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Linear contaminates: the more exposure the more harm. There are no safe
limits. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Women are more vulnerable to adverse impacts of radiation than men.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Current standards are based on diffused impacts rather than localized elevations</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741265">There are spikes with exposure
that can incite but the safety levels only observe exposure based on per
year values. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741268"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741278"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741273">Hiroshima: estimated deaths 120,000. First 5 years of scientific data is missing. Today's acceptable levels are based on these reports with the absence of that 5 year window on impacts to human health.</span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741328"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741338"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt; background-color: transparent; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741333"><span id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741345"><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741362">Tooth fairy project: gathered the teeth of children. Levels of strontium 90 pools in bones as was found in the teeth directly related to elevated levels of leukaemia and as
a result, above ground nuclear testing was stopped. </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span><span><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_1348004067974432"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_1348004067974432"><span style="font-size:19px;">More modern data suggest higher cancer rates around nuclear power plants two examples:</span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span><span><span
class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_1348004067974432"><span style="font-size:19px;">1. The COMARE 14th report regarding incidents of childhood leukaemia around nuclear Power plants in Great Britain. </span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.comare.org.uk/press_releases/14thReportPressRelease.htm" style="background-color:transparent;">http://www.comare.org.uk/press_releases/14thReportPressRelease.htm</a></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span><span><span class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_1348004067974432"><span style="font-size:19px;">2. Kikk study found
higher leukaemia rates in children in
proximity to nuclear power plants with ages 5 and under being most affected. </span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span><span><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " class="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_18_1348004067974432"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696975/">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696975/</a><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">This data was replicated. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px;
background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">In Canada we hardly studied the impacts of nuclear power. We have the Durnham Study but it was focused on environmental impacts regarding the Darlington Nuclear power plant rather than impacts on public health. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><div class="yiv1727743793f yiv1727743793kv" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); margin-bottom: 1px; line-height: 14px; font-size: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; "><cite style="color:rgb(0, 153,
51);font-style:normal;">www.<b>durham</b>.ca/departments/health/.../radiationHealthReport2007.pdf</cite></div><div><font color="#009933"><br></font></div><span class="yiv1727743793f" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 14px; font-size: small; font-family: arial, sans-serif; "></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Plutonium and Tritium are produced in Canada. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">When the Tsunami hit
Japan, it sent radiation across the ocean. There was a spike in radiation detected in Breast Milk along the entire west coast but in
Canada there was clearly a lack of study on the matter. It appears to be a case of no information, no problem. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">Since the Tsunami in Japan, residents there have experienced 50% more leukaemia, 52% increase in butterfly deformities, birth defects, down syndrome and multi symptom illnesses. </span><span style="font-size:19px;background-color:transparent;">When it comes to Reactor 4, it's not if but when it falls, we will see more issues. The fallout from this incident spread over a huge area. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px;
background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">In regards to Chernobyl, the IAEA Stated there were 4000 deaths. </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span><span><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/chernobyl/faqs.shtml">http://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/chernobyl/faqs.shtml</a></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">A study from Greenpeace
puts
the numbers at 200,000 deaths</span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4917526.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4917526.stm</a><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">A Russian study put the numbers to almost 1 million deaths</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.globalresearch.ca/new-book-concludes-chernobyl-death-toll-985-000-mostly-from-cancer/">http://www.globalresearch.ca/new-book-concludes-chernobyl-death-toll-985-000-mostly-from-cancer/</a><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Q&A info:</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">At the Tar Sands the uranium in the soil does pose a radioactive risk</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442"
style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">Nuclear power plants historically run over budget</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;">In regards to a proposed nuclear storage repository by Lake Huron, if it sinks it could contaminate the Great Lakes. Nobody knows if these systems are safe. We cannot predict impacts when the facility is intended to store materials for thousands of years. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">"We are using electricity and we are not even thinking of the impacts to future generations." </div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">__________________________________________________________________</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Tim Weis: Coal in Canada & Future outlook</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442"
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Nanticoke is the largest coal burning plant in North America. In Canada in 2009, these were the energy sources;</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br>16% coal</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">61% hydro electric</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">16% nuclear</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color:
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">3% natural gas</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">2% wind, tidal, biomass</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">2% oil</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
">Canada was the 6th largest consumer of coal in the world equal to Germany, (German population 3 times larger)</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Environment Canada's Green House Gas report 2009</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">25% GHG emissions from fossil fuels</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family:
arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">24% Transportation</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">14% Electricity</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">11% buildings</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">(couldn't get the others down in time)</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Sundance and Genesee are the two plants in Alberta highest in emissions. The GHG is set to triple in that area.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Alberta and Saskatchewan have the largest Green House Gas emissions per capita due in part to electricity generated by coal even though it only has approximately 15% of Canada's population. They contribute 410 megatonnes of emissions annually.</div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Quebec is closing it's nuclear reactors. They have hydro and no coal. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Ontario is phasing out coal by 2014.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Alberta, Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia are still the highest
polluters regarding coal. They make up 60% of our emissions with 3/4 of that from coal power. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">SOz and NOx in Alberta is well above the maximum provincial levels. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica,
sans-serif; ">Coal costs 3.2 cents of damage/kw hour which basically doubles the current market costs of coal. This does not count climate change impacts. If it did, you would have to add another 3.10 cents to 10 cents extra on top of the other costs. That is the high cost of this "cheap energy".</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">In Canada's east coast, most emissions are released over the water but but in Alberta, much of it blows into Manitoba or south to the US. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color:
transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Federal government coal regulation as proposed by industry in 2002 would have established a review of 40 year old plants to either rebuild or close. Coal would have been phased out in exchange for natural gas power. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Environment Canada's proposal included review of plants 45 years
old, limiting discharges to 375 tonnes/gwh but it would secure a do nothing approach until 2015. It would reduce emissions from 60 mega tonnes to 40 mega Tonnes.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Coal is the low hanging fruit! Why not go for what the industry itself recommended to reduce emissions? </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">The final plan as recommended by Environment Canada allows plants to run for 50 years, emitting 420 tonnes/GWH, no carbon offsets allowed (that part is good) but the start date won't take effect until 2019. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Under the original proposal, we could have reduced emissions to 10,000 tonnes/GWH by 2035. The governments final plan was 1/3rd weaker that the industry proposed plan. As weakened we will see more deaths, more cases of asthma and illness costs of smog etc. This created a 10 year delay
in implementing a solution. It becomes a cost concern and it harms our international reputation. It is designed to be implemented one year away from the 2020 Kyoto targets. </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;">(Pembina report re: Canada's draft coal regulations </span><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.pembina.org/blog/588" style="background-color:transparent;text-align:left;">http://www.pembina.org/blog/588</a>)</div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;">A federal report outlining the costs of infrastructure is all relative to the costs of running natural gas plants but the report fails to give any monetary value to the systems mentioned. For example, nuclear power is estimated to be twice the cost of natural gas. The grid features circles showing cost estimates without any true monetary values. </span><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px;
background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">As Ontario closed coal plants, airborne mercury levels dropped dramatically but we still can see toxins coming in from US coal plants to the south. The trend shows we are unlikely to see new coal plants being established in the future. </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">Clean coal technologies are far to costly and the cost of shale gas is far cheaper. Carbon capture has many
long term liability risks associated so it's most
likely only going to be used in projects such as the Albert Tar sands and not a system adopted in other sectors. It takes 1/3rd the power of a power plant to replace the emissions underground. The system would cost approximately 1.2 billion to set up. </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">As for shale gas, there are earthquake concerns. The more wells they drill the higher the risks. There is a risk from the unidentified injected chemicals used to extract the gas and risks to groundwater supplies as a
result. Quebec has already initiated a moratorium on fracking in their province.</span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">_______________________________________________________ </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica,
sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Dr. Ray Copes (representing his own views) Public Health Ontario, National Collaborating Centre Environmental Health. </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Speaking on Wild Power, Renewables and Public Health</span></span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color:
transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Public Health is essentially working at arm's length but still funded by the Province. Indirect agency established in 2008 to support Health systems and the Province. They conduct environmental monitoring, promote prevention strategies, address issues of occupational health, infection control networks. Does not have statutory powers or make policies but it does provide data and evidence. </span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442"
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Energy & Health</span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Poor health is related to dirtiest
fuels in poor countries where it is used for cooking and heat. Those most impacted include women and children. Every 5 in 10,000 deaths comes as a result of indoor smoke. Electrical systems save lives. </span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Electrical systems are a key component to producing goods and services. </span></span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Better living standards increased GDP 21.5 times between 1840 and 1990. </span></span></span></span></span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">GDP & Global energy intensity is going downwards where it takes less energy to produce the same goods. </span></span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span
style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Environmental Health from Global to Local Frumkin 2010 </span></span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/Environmental-Health-Global-Local-Public/dp/0787973831" style="background-color:transparent;">http://www.amazon.com/Environmental-Health-Global-Local-Public/dp/0787973831</a></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span
style="background-color:transparent;"><span>states better energy =
less mortality in children but more consumption per capita (which requires more energy!)</span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">There is an upside and a downside.</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Electricty generation in
europe death cases twh<br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">In order, the scale of emissions from highest polluter to lowest resulting in serious illnesses, death, minor illnesses: </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Coal, gas, biomass, Oil, Nuclear</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial,
helvetica, sans-serif; ">Source: Energy and Health 2 Electricity generation and Health</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 51); line-height: 14px; font-size: small; font-family: arial, sans-serif; ">www.bigthunderwind</span><b style="color: rgb(0, 153, 51); line-height: 14px; font-size: small; font-family: arial, sans-serif; ">power</b><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 51); line-height: 14px; font-size: small; font-family: arial, sans-serif; ">.ca/.../</span><b style="color: rgb(0, 153, 51); line-height: 14px; font-size: small; font-family: arial, sans-serif; ">Electricity</b><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 51); line-height: 14px; font-size: small; font-family: arial, sans-serif; ">_generation_and_</span><b style="color: rgb(0, 153, 51); line-height: 14px;
font-size: small; font-family: arial, sans-serif; ">health</b><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 51); line-height: 14px; font-size: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; ">...</span><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">The study did not include impacts of solar or wind power, perhaps because it only results in a tiny fraction of risk. There is a lack of data on it in this report. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">With climate change there is a clear case to go to renewables to reduce carbon footprint, air pollution and accident risks. These sources include: Direct Solar, Hydro, Wind, Wave energy, Biofuel, Surface Heat, Tidal, Geothermal. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">The main drawbacks to renewables: Low energy density, intermittent supply, constraints on location, environmental or aesthetic effects. </span></span></span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Wind in Canada currently generates 5511MW or 2% of our total energy supply. There is growing capacity in Canada. The largest area using wind is in Texas where 421 wind turbines generate 735 MW over 47,000 acres. The land is still productive for other uses. In comparison we have the Bruce Nuclear power plant generating 6232 MW of energy using 2300 acres. </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">In regards to wind power, they are not more riskier than existing power supplies. They are an old technology and many communities have experience using them. They've been implemented globally. They generally have less regulatory standards than other energy sources simply because they have less overall risks. </span></span><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span
style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">The benefits of wind include: no combustion, renewable energy supply, economic benefit for rural land owners and residents, development opportunities, well proven technologies.</span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">The complaints of wind by the public are focused on the following issues: public believes
they pay more for wind power, they feel there is a lack of public input on placement, some believe it has little local benefit, they feel it ruins the view of landscapes, they say it's noisy, some believes it makes them sick and others are concerned about a loss in property value. </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">The best available data establishes: Setbacks, shut down in bad weather and we can address most of the public concerns by way of
placement. </span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span><span style="font-size:19px;">According to medical data to date, wind turbine syndrome is "implausible".</span></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">If there are any sound concerns,
placement of the unit can remedy. </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">Recommended reading: </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span
style="font-size:19px;">Jaccard M. Sustainable Fossil Fuels: The unusual suspect in the quest for clean and enduring energy </span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.ca/Sustainable-Fossil-Fuels-Unusual-Enduring/dp/0521679796">http://www.amazon.ca/Sustainable-Fossil-Fuels-Unusual-Enduring/dp/0521679796</a><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><br></span></span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span>Q&A information: </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span>There are concerns for heavy water, impacts of air quality to reserves, nuclear impacts. </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="background-color:transparent;">Accidents can change everything (in
terms of nuclear ie:
Fukushima)</span><br></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">The Baxter study conducted by Western University found those who were without wind power were most against it and those who had wind power had no problem with it. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span>Contaminated land is a far bigger issue for people than wind power. </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span
style="background-color:transparent;"><span><br></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;">General Q and A to all panellists:</span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">In regards to climate change, there are many energy infrastructure concerns. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica,
sans-serif; ">Permafrost is melting and buildings are shifting. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Hydro and wind is changing thresholds</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Sea Level rise poses risks</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Dyke limitations are</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "> an
issue</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Tar Sands is running out of water</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Storm surges pose risks</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">They had to dredge the Thames to prepare for heavier rains and floods</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Pine and Ash Borer is having adverse
impacts on trees</div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Water issues make cooling nuclear power plants difficult. They had to close plants in the US and in Paris due to water that was too warm. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Energy consumption = health, and <span style="background-color:transparent;">Income and employment = health, retrofits to help reduce consumption and costs can help to connect us to better
solutions. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;">Ontario is reducing 10% of it's emissions in 6 years and Germany which is an industrial nation is doing well but uses only 1/3 rd of our energy to support a much larger population. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span
style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;">With Ontario moving towards wind and better conservation we probably won't need new nuclear plants. (Pembina)</span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">Armory Lovins states there is no reason for more power plants if we simply invested in conservation. We get 20-30% reduction with
our systems on average
which is a better return on investments. </span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.ted.com/talks/amory_lovins_a_50_year_plan_for_energy.html">http://www.ted.com/talks/amory_lovins_a_50_year_plan_for_energy.html</a><br></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial,
helvetica, sans-serif; ">China
and Germany conserve because when you save on carbon, you make more money. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">Currently biomass is focused on food production but we could take initiatives to include wood wastes into the system. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal;
font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; ">We need to engage more health partners and professionals in dialogue because it helps. The Ontario Medical Association's Illness Cost of Smog Report helped. </div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="background-color:transparent;"><span style="font-size:19px;">Currently nuclear risks fall under the radar. Ontario appears very pro-nuclear in spite of the fact cost issues have historically risen. It is not a healthy source of energy. It's unconscionable and diabolical. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
"><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;">Efficiency towards a non-carbon based future: Let's make our choice. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size:19px;">End of Part 1. </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px;
background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px;
background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><br></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><span><span style="font-size:19px;"><br></span></span></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="
background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="background-color:transparent;"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442"
style="
color:rgb(0, 0, 0);background-color:transparent;font-style:normal;"><span style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; "><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741283"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741293"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px;
font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741288"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741301"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741296"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741309"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741304"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741317"></span></div><div
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741312"><br id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741325"></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741320"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br
id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_13479931159741262"></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><br></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px;
background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974729"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974724"><br></span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 19px; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; "><span style="font-size: 19px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; " id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_1347993115974717"> </span></div><div id="yiv1727743793yui_3_2_0_19_134799311597442"
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