<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">FYI<div>R<br><div><br><div>Begin forwarded message:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3" color="#000000" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #000000"><b>From: </b></font><font face="Helvetica" size="3" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica">Robert Milligan <<a href="mailto:mill@continuum.org">mill@continuum.org</a>></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3" color="#000000" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #000000"><b>Date: </b></font><font face="Helvetica" size="3" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica">June 7, 2010 8:28:06 PM GMT-04:00</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3" color="#000000" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #000000"><b>To: </b></font><font face="Helvetica" size="3" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica">Chair Ken Seiling <<a href="mailto:sken@region.waterloo.on.ca">sken@region.waterloo.on.ca</a>>, CAO Mike Murray <<a href="mailto:mmike@region.waterloo.on.ca">mmike@region.waterloo.on.ca</a>></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3" color="#000000" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #000000"><b>Cc: </b></font><font face="Helvetica" size="3" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica">Nancy Button <<a href="mailto:bnancy@region.waterloo.on.ca">bnancy@region.waterloo.on.ca</a>>, Darshpreet Bhatti <<a href="mailto:bdarshpr@region.waterloo.on.ca">bdarshpr@region.waterloo.on.ca</a>>, Becky Schlenvogt <<a href="mailto:sbecky@region.waterloo.on.ca">sbecky@region.waterloo.on.ca</a>></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3" color="#000000" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #000000"><b>Subject: </b></font><font face="Helvetica" size="3" style="font: 12.0px Helvetica"><b>More About "Attracting Scarce F&P Government Funds for our LRT+"</b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div> </div><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><br></div><div>Ken & Mike,</div><div><br></div><div>Let me make it perfectly clear that some problems alluded to are not necessarily official positions of organizations involved but every LRT-related IDEA that I represent is a well-founded suggestion. However, I am communicating about serious Regional problems -- important to the future of both our citizens and businesses -- that have to be solved at least with an enhanced LRT system design made possible at least by much greater Region of Waterloo, City of Cambridge, CP & GEXR synergistic collaboration. </div><div><br></div><div>A viable LRT includes an affordable and effective Cambridge LRT NOW and not in <b>2036!!! -- </b>the actual not-officially-communicated target a Regional politician informed me of recently. We need Cambridge's LRT inclusion to at least boost K-W ridership (hence intensification effect), improve Regional unity and generally advance the Region.</div><div><br></div><div>Generally, the LRT system design should give more emphasis to ridership. Then at least the Cambridge section LRT will have many more riders than current estimates that show insufficiency -- a passive projection based mostly on the current student & working poor riders. This would be because more middle class car drivers will be attracted to a much faster LRT -- an active projection based on intervention by better design.</div><div><br></div><div>Since the previous email on May 28, "<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">Attracting Scarce F&P Government Funds for our LRT+"</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">, I have informally <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; ">made some progress with both GEXR and CP<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "> towards possible time-locked track-sharing. Integral to making very significant progress with </span>both<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "> of them is assisting CP in implementing the best solution to their track (safety, grade climbing & river- track wipeout ) problems. This is very important to help secure Toyota's future in Cambridge by helping CP in turn secure safer and more functional rail access to the Cambridge plant -- and help avoid a possible </span>very costly<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "> CP/Toyota rail disaster (waiting-to-happen) in the process!</span></span></span></span></div><div><br></div><div>To this end I hope that some key Regional and Cambridge staff will be able to better use their intelligence so as to overcome their irrational fears of CP rail crossing the back part of Riverside Park-- even if done very tastefully and for very, very important reasons pertaining to human safety and preserving Toyota jobs at least!!</div><div><br></div><div><div>So to repeat somewhat from the previous email, this is a <b>slightly modified and enhanced </b>draft of an expanded LRT article in which I use more new IDEAS to try to give the Provincial and Federal Governments more reasons -- beyond an enhanced LRT system design -- why they should give us scarce funds for the Region's LRT project. To this end, I am doing very original thinking about this wider area's future -- and an LRT network's vital role -- which no other individuals are doing by themselves.</div><div><br></div></div><div><div>I also again try to build on the shoulders of the Region's greatest visionary, UofW President David Johnston. (I hope that David stays in this area -- that he has helped shape so much --after his retirement and that he will play a continuing transformational visionary-leadership role.)</div><div><br></div><div><div>And of course I'm very open to suggestions for changes, even major changes, in the IDEAS or manner of expression.</div><div><br></div></div><div>Best wishes,</div><div>Robert</div><div><br></div><div>PS: <b>Most of the changes/enhancements are in the bottom part.</b></div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><b><br></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><b><br></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3" style="font-size: 15px; "><b>IDEAS to Enhance our LRT: Towards world-class pioneering sustainable innovation </b></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; "><b><br></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px; ">"</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana; line-height: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px; ">In the next decade, the university is committed to building a better future for Canada and the world by <b>championing innovation and collaboration</b> to create solutions relevant to the needs of today and tomorrow.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px; ">" </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><a href="http://uwaterloo.ca/aboutuw/">http://uwaterloo.ca/aboutuw/</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px; ">"(To get it right, we need) to <b>think outside the traditional light rail box</b>. ... . (NJ's <b>River LINE</b> is) not only an alternative to the automobile, but is also helping to re-energize the historic communities it links together." Al Fazio, US <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px; ">LRT executive and </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px; "> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px; ">professor.</span> (See APPENDIX 4)</span></span></span></span></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3">Regional Council and staff -- led by very successful long-serving Chair Ken Seiling -- should be commended for their very strong support of our truly important light rail transit (LRT) system design that has the potential to help give this area the smart infrastructure necessary for a future Knowledge Capital of Canada.</font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3">Yes, this light rail transit LRT project is our most complex </font></span><span style="color: black; "><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">and expensive (<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><span style="color: black; "><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">$1B+)</font></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: Arial; "> </span><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3">urban infrastructure challenge ever. </font></span><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3">Scarce tax money -- </font></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: Arial; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">federal, provincial, and municipal -- will be invested. As well,<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: Arial; "> </span><st1:city><st1:place><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3">Waterloo</font><font><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "> </span></font></font></span></st1:place></st1:city><font size="3"><font color="#0000ff"><span style="color: black; "><font color="#0000ff" size="2"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">Region's reputation for leading-edge technological innovation will be influenced by the success -- or not -- of the LRT system design.</span></font></span></font></font></span></span></span></span></font></span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">But. analysis of the current LRT system design indicates <b>some serious, </b><b>yet advantageously<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><b>surmountable,</b> track-routing and other flaws. These flaws would not only affect the attainment of the project's principal goals of high middle-class <b>ridership</b> and high urban-core <b>intensification <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">but also greatly inflate the cost.</span></b></span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">With so much at stake,<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">the LRT system design's <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">cost-effectiveness needs to be optimized -- reducing its risk in the process. This can be largely achieved if the LRT system design is enhanced at least by proven rail transportation IDEAS. But more, the design must meet the very high "Waterloo benchmarks" for innovation and collaboration set by the University of Waterloo and our hi-tech businesses.</span></span></span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Such IDEAS will be found, created and used to great advantage only if politicians and staff are willing and able to <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; ">"think outside the traditional light rail box". </span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">But the Region's current approach to the LRT system design is just the opposite. Despite our World crises demanding very innovative World class design -- especially in all large projects -- their approach remains the conventional "stovepipe" where past LRT designs are repeated despite the uniqueness of our urban transportation infrastructure.</span></span></font></div></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></b></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; ">Goal achievement problems</span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span style="font-family: '', 'Times New Roman', ''; "><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="3">At the foundation of the Region's proposed LRT system design are the two principal goals. High middle-class <b>ridership</b> reduces car use thereby decreasing traffic congestion. High urban-core <b>intensification</b> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">helps lessen urban sprawl. It would be catalyzed by the LRT and new bylaws. Such intensification efforts are strongly supported by Provincial Places to Grow policies. </span></span></font></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Outside LRT experts and Regional staff say that these interrelated goals should be balanced, that is given a similar weighting. <b>But such intended goal balancing is not achieved in the current LRT system design nor is goal balancing alone sufficient for project design success.</b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><br></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">In fact, for optimal cost-effectiveness the goals should "collaborate" to their greater mutual benefit, i.e. be synergistic where 1+1=3+. And a synergistic "collaboration" of the LRT goals of high ridership and high intensification can also be much better achieved by <b>"thinking outside the traditional light rail box".</b></span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">The reality of the current LRT system design -- specifically its track-route design -- is that it will cause the project's goals to "fight" each other in parts of the routing -- the intensification corridors. That is, as the LRT necessarily passes through an intensification corridor, the average speed (ridership's key factor) would be counteracted by a greater frequency of stops (intensification's key factor). </span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">In the Region's intensification corridor design, they were forced to cut back on the frequency of stops</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">so that speed did not suffer too much. This makes their intensification corridor design sub-optimal compared to what could be possible!</span></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">Relative to a rail right-of-way -- despite dedicated LRT lanes and traffic light control -- an optimally designed LRT road intensification corridor will always have a significantly slower average speed because of: the close proximity of other vehicles and many pedestrians, the many intersections, greater accident proneness, and the higher frequency of stops necessary for optimal intensification. </span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">Further, because an LRT traveling on a road intensification corridor will have a slower average speed and be limited in LRT vehicle length, it will have much less ridership capacity than LRT vehicles operating on a rail right-of-way.</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">As a result, LRT road intensification corridors -- and roads used mainly as LRT route-connectors like Frederick St. -- will create speed and capacity bottlenecks. This would occur because the current LRT route-design forces the LRT vehicles to use these road corridors -- a better alternative route is currently not available . </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; ">Ridership Corridors to the Rescue</span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Why spend as much as $billions on an LRT system design likely to be disappointing? And can the key track-route design problems -- not yet recognized by the conventional-thinking experts -- be solved? Can the potential of our unique transportation infrastructure be better adapted to and utilized? But first, let's look at things from a different perspective using an analogy from physics, specifically electrical circuits.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">The Region's LRT track-route design might be called a <b>"series"</b> (vs. "parallel") type because all vehicles travel along basically the same routing. This is analogous to an electrical circuit where electrons travel through "devices" that can be in series or in parallel -- or both. </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Two minor exceptions occur where the two tracks on a road are split onto two <b>"parallel" </b>roads. This happens in the downtowns of Kitchener and Waterloo where the preferred roads have sufficient road capacity for only one track. </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Eureka! The current LRT track-route design partially uses the rail right-of-way and in a "series" manner. So let's use this concept more fully. "Why not" extend the "parallel" road idea to the whole rail right-of-way that essentially runs in a "parallel" -- and often concurrent -- manner to the current LRT track-route design? </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">This new "parallel" rail right-of-way corridor would overlay the current track-route design. It would run from a new Northfield terminal to the Ainslie Terminal. To describe its intent, let's call it the <b>Ridership Corridor <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">and interconnect it intermittently to the "parallel" intensification corridors.</span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">With such a ridership corridor the bottlenecks on the intensification (and connection) road corridors can be by-passed by LRT vehicles that have picked up riders traveling a longer distance. Also, stop frequency on the intensification corridors can now be optimized because lost time can be recovered upon switching onto the faster <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; ">Ridership Corridor<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "> -- and this time-saving means better intensification.</span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Let's use the King Street South LRT intensification corridor as a specific example. How could the relevant section of the <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">rail right-of-way routing (part of the <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; ">Ridership Corridor<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">) be configured so that it would be both "parallel" to and interconnect with this intensification corridor? </span></span></span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">First, use the Iron Horse Trail from Caroline Street to the CN mainline -- there are many US precedents for converting trails into rail/trails with at least a separating fence. Two tracks would be used except possibly between Caroline and John Streets. A station at Union Blvd. would attract riders from Sun Life and help intensify Belmont St, (so designated by Kitchener).</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Second, build a CN mainline underpass -- at a 45 degree angle -- so that the 2 LRT tracks can extend along the south-side of the CN mainline right-of-way to a new multimodal HUB between Joseph and King Streets. This new section of the LRT routing at least would make a very expensive and problematic (toxins, flooding, etc.) 2-track LRT tunnel/station under King St. and the CN mainline no longer necessary.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">The King Street South LRT intensification corridor and the proposed "parallel" rail right-of-way would</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">interconnect on Caroline at Allen St. and the Kitchener HUB. The Kings South intensification corridor would connect initially to the HUB by simply crossing CN's mainline and spur line at a 45 degree angle towards the west. If needed in the future, the HUB connection could be made from the west part of Wellington St. via a CN track overpass/station.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">And now possibly, if the current HUB property (King-Victoria-Duke-'CN line') were released , then combined with the adjacent Breithaupt St. properties, we could have a potentially new UofW Kitchener Research and Technology Park! </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">This is but one side-benefit that could result indirectly from the new IDEA of an interconnected Ridership Corridor. But let's explore more of the ridership corridor's potential.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">Just imagine an LRT vehicle traveling on the ridership corridor that significantly "shrinks" trip time by the combined effect of its higher speed and capacity, its rapid acceleration and braking, its just-in-time bus connections and better bus routing, its less frequent stations and shorter end-to-end route, its mostly double tracks and its off-road "protection" from accident delays. </span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">Mostly it would be very similar to NJ's successful River LINE but be electrified. (See enclosed photo &</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><a href="http://www.lightrailnow.org/news/n_nj002.htm">http://www.lightrailnow.org/news/n_nj002.htm</a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">)</span></span></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">The ridership corridor would also be the "success engine" that battles traffic congestion by attracting many middle class people out of their cars. This will help clean our air and make driving a more enjoyable experience for those who must use their cars. Our quality of life will be enhanced so that businesses and universities prosper more.</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; ">"Success Engine" for Intensification also</span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">In addition, the ridership corridor would be a "Success Engine" for intensification in two ways. </span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">Firstly, its own less frequent stations would help the area around them intensify. Important new areas that would be intensified would be Belmont St. (Union Blvd. Station), Queen St (Queen St. Station) and the Dundas-Beverly area (Beverly St. Station).</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Secondly, it would help make intensification corridors more successful. The aura of the LRT system's great ridership success will create demand for working and living space in the intensification corridor. And the ridership corridor's much lower average trip time will greatly contribute towards decreasing trip times for riders starting in an intensification corridor. </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">And as previously stated, the intensification corridors could now be designed with the optimal frequency of stops for intensification purposes. </font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; "> </span></div></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">Our stage one </span>intensification corridor<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "> would be K-W's King Street South, The example of its success would soon inspire developers and governments to commit to other designated intensification corridors such as Duke-Charles-Ottawa Streets and Hespler Road. </span></b></span></span></span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">And as riders travel along an intensification corridor, their LRT vehicle would use one track -- like the Portland Streetcar known around the World for very successful intensification. But unlike it, our LRT vehicle would move in both directions made possible by 2-track passing at some stops -- with the assistance of Intelligent Transportation System technology. <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px; ">(See Case Study: Portland Streetcar,</span> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 9px; "><a href="http://metro-cincinnati.info/?page_id=982)">http://metro-cincinnati.info/?page_id=982)</a></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">And with only one track being necessary -- because of the high-capacity Ridership Corridor carrying most of the riders -- an LRT intensification corridor could now be extended up King North Street past WLU and eventually to Conestoga Mall.</span></b></span></span></span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">When it comes to cost savings most people don't realize how much more it costs to put 2 tracks along a road as compared to 1 track on a road or 2 tracks along a rail right-of-way. </span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">And one-track-only along a road gives more flexibility in avoiding underground utilities. Also there would be less use of roads and more of rail right-of-ways -- at least in the initial stages. Both of these possibilities at least mean less use and/or a more time-dispersed use of the $100 budgeted to move underground and above ground utilities!</span></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Also, just think how much it costs to build a station-tunnel under the CN line ($30M+) or a 2-track highway 7&8 underpass or a 2-track bridge over the Grand River or a 3-track bridge over the Speed River. And there are also 2-track bridges over numerous creeks. With track sharing, all of these massive expenditures can be avoided with a few much smaller cost exceptions. </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">But optimal track sharing requires pioneering new relationships with the railways.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; ">Synergistic Collaboration with CP and GEXR</span></b></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">For the cost of the ridership corridor to be sufficiently affordable -- in these very tough economic times for both the public and private sectors -- various new forms of synergistic collaboration with CP/Toyota and GEXR/CN will have to be created. These new relationships would likely centre mostly around mutual financial and performance advantages.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">At present, discussions with CP/Toyota seem to need a stronger common interest to advance further. Such a common interest could centre around CP's need for an optimal solution to potentially very serious problems caused by the extreme track grade between Eagle and Fountain Streets. The nature of these problems relates to track safety, train delay and even long Toyota plant closures.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Of the three possible solutions considered by CP, the best appears to involve the crossing of the City of Cambridge's Riverside Park. But to obtain the various necessary approvals, they would likely need a public partner such as the Region via its LRT project. Likely they would need some funding from the Provincial and Federal governments -- and the Region as a junior partner.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">The two higher levels of government might justify significant funding for a few reasons: 1) to help keep Canada's most innovative area -- Waterloo Region -- economically strong by helping avoid the possibility of Toyota shifting significant production to Woodstock; 2) to indirectly help defray a large amount of the costs of LRT use of parts of the rail right-of-way achieved by CP in return at least agreeing to limit their use of the spur line from the Courtland exchange yard to approx. .5km south from the Grand River bridge to the hours of 1:00 AM to 5:00AM.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">The Region could invest at least the cost of building a 3-track bridge across the Speed River at the current site. They would find the existing CP bridge sufficient if the previous IDEAS suggested for bridges are used by the Region. If the Region also uses the Ridership Corridor IDEA, then they could make arrangements with CP to use the new 'Riverside Park crossover'/'Speed River bridge'/etc. during the rush hour periods to save time.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">And this could be a way that indirect Provincial and Federal funding could assist the realization of the RTI project.</font></div><div><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">GEXR is a part of Rail America and is renting CN track in this general area -- and the Region's Elmira spur line. While they are somewhat open to collaborating with the Region on time-locked track sharing on part of their rented track, specifics need to be worked out. If we could present them with a Grand Plan type IDEA that could help improve the efficiency and extent of their operations, then they would likely be very interested in collaborating to a much greater degree.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Such a plan might take the form of GEXR being able to use all of the Region's "faster-moving" track at night so as to interconnect GEXR's track in Cambridge with that in Kitchener. Perhaps they would then be able to exchange rail cars at CP's own Sportsworld Drive rail yard.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">A possible GO-Transit SW described in the section by the same name below could greatly extend even more GEXR's night service on fast track.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Such IDEAS would are a possible basis for viable synergistic collaborations with the railways -- in effect, very strong mutually advantageous public/private partnerships! But there is another potential public/private partnership that especially the Federal government would appreciate. </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; ">Structuring the LRT system design to attract Bombardier</span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">The Ridership Corridor IDEA will create an LRT system design where an LRT train on the rail right-of-way plays the major role and an LRT streetcar less so. Yet the goal of intensification will be better and</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">less expensively realized.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">But <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">now the suggested LRT system design is structured to attract big rail players such as Bombardier. It is they who operate the GO-Trains. But more relevant, Bombardier is the key player in New Jersey Transit's (analogous to GO-Transit) River LINE Perhaps we can at least emulate their "Unique Rail" approach as they describe it:</span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Arial; "><p style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, Verdana, sans-serif; margin-top: 10px; line-height: 1.6em; ">"The equipment, the operating plan, the public-private partnership that built and operates the system and other aspects of the River LINE represent new and innovative approaches to rail transit service. Combining them all in one package geared to provide the most service at the best price in an area that was previously transit deficient makes the whole project close to revolutionary. The unconventional River LINE offers a number of interesting attributes:</p><ul style="margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; list-style-type: none; margin-top: 0px; "><li style="list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; list-style-type: none; padding-left: 10px; background-image: url(http://www.masstransitmag.com/design/images/bullet.gif); background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: initial; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-bottom: 5px; background-position: 0px 3px; ">*a turnkey design-build-operate-maintain (DBOM) approach to construction and on-going operation by a consortium of suppliers, including Bombardier Transportation which now operates and maintains the system;</li><li style="list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; list-style-type: none; padding-left: 10px; background-image: url(http://www.masstransitmag.com/design/images/bullet.gif); background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: initial; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-bottom: 5px; background-position: 0px 3px; ">...........................................................................................................................................................;</li><li style="list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; list-style-type: none; padding-left: 10px; background-image: url(http://www.masstransitmag.com/design/images/bullet.gif); background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: initial; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-bottom: 5px; background-position: 0px 3px; ">*new-build line segments that combine dedicated LRT median running and streetcar- like operation in mixed traffic;</li><li style="list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; list-style-type: none; padding-left: 10px; background-image: url(http://www.masstransitmag.com/design/images/bullet.gif); background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: initial; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-bottom: 5px; background-position: 0px 3px; ">*time-shared use with Conrail freight trains for much of the route; and</li><li style="list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; list-style-type: none; padding-left: 10px; background-image: url(http://www.masstransitmag.com/design/images/bullet.gif); background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: initial; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-bottom: 5px; background-position: 0px 3px; ">*an inventive combination of advanced rail traffic control, automatic train stop signaling, and temporal separation that yields maximum safety and track availability for passengers and freight alike." <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 9px; "><a href="http://www.masstransitmag.com/print/Mass-Transit/Unique-Rail/1$2192)">http://www.masstransitmag.com/print/Mass-Transit/Unique-Rail/1$2192)</a></span></li></ul></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">This seems to be the type of public/private venture that the Feds would like to see. But a new IDEA for a bigger LRT and night freight network -- possibly involving GO-Transit -- could increase further the attractiveness for Bombardier to become involved in such a manner.</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div></span></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; ">GO-Transit SW (South West) ?</span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Guelph wants a passenger rail connection to Cambridge. GO-Transit -- stated as part of MTO's new highway 24 project -- would like to have at least a Brantford to Cambridge rail connection. If the Region's LRT system design was able to integrate with the expressed potential plans of Guelph and GO-Transit, then the value to the Province of the LRT project would be further increased.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Joined with the Region's LRT network, this could take the form of a GO-Transit SW (South West) -- or called the Grand River Line -- based on LRT. To date, GO-Transit -- unlike New Jersey Transit -- has not incorporated LRT as part of its rail passenger network despite their heavy rail passenger vehicles being more expensive to operate and purchase.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Or course, GO-Transit cannot take advantage of the benefits of LRT on the main lines as safety </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">regulations in Canada -- unlike Europe -- prohibit it. But on the infrequently used heavy rail spur lines,</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">time-locked track sharing is more realistic. The GEXR/CN spur rail line from Guelph to Cambridge is infrequently used -- and it continues through Cambridge (Hespler) until the future Hespler Road rail 2-track underpass.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Instead of a rail line constructed as part of a very controversial proposed new highway 24, one of the two -- or a combination -- existing rail corridors from Cambridge(Galt) to Brantford could be used. One is now a trail along the Grand River -- a rail/trail is possible. The other -- after following highway 24 for approx. 7 km. from the Cambridge's Ainslie Terminal, turns left , eventually following parallel to highway 24 about 4 km. inland.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">If such a new fast LRT track were constructed, then GEXR's could have an opportunity to further expand its potential night freight operation to Brantford. This future possibility would add to the anticipated advantages to GEXR of synergistically collaborating on track sharing with the Region's LRT system.</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Such a GO-Transit SW LRT line would connect Brantford primarily with the GO-Train in Guelph. A future connection to the GO-Train in Hamilton would likely be desirable from GO-Transit's viewpoint..</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">As the advantages of using the LRT become more universally recognized for very cost-efficient inter-city travel -- particularly between the smaller cities outside the GTA -- then the Province and GO-Transit will start to explore their use on mainline CP & CN rail corridors to, for example, interconnect with Woodstock and Stratford.</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Here, most likely a separate LRT track would be built on one side of the mainline corridor. Much less likely, advances in Intelligent Transportation System technology may make safe 24-hour LRT multi-modal track sharing possible.</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Surviving sustainably in a very complex World at least means that collaborative dreams and vision must drive our innovation in our interrelated businesses, governments and communities. Today we must all be so driven -- or our species will die off!</font></div><div><br></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; ">Persuading governments by a Grand Vision for our area's future</span></b></span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; "><b><br></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">If the Region of Waterloo hopes to get funding from the Governments of Ontario and Canada despite these very tough economic times and the competition from other major centres like Toronto, then -- as both these governments might expect from the most innovative area in Canada -- we will have to expand the project to become part of a more complex future-thinking venture. And it must be extraordinarily innovative!</font></div><div><br></div></span></b></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">This Grand Vision could include the vision of University of Waterloo President David Johnston -- this area as the Knowledge Capital of Canada by 2010. He set 10 goals to achieve this. And influenced by Richard Florida's writing's on the creative class, <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; ">”<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">Johnston said ''this area welcomes new people and new IDEAS".</span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Johnston implies that a Knowledge Capital is based largely on new creative IDEAS. "And as we move beyond 2010", he says, "each and every one of (us has) to do (our) part to see our performance improve and our goals continue to be achieved". </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Very important for the further success of the Knowledge Capital venture -- or any other large public project -- is this Region's "barn raising" tradition wherein he says "we work collaboratively to (potentially) accomplish what any one individual cannot." Such collaboration would be be synergistic if successful.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">One of David's 10 goals is Smart Infrastructure -- which includes Smart Transit. The "Waterloo benchmark" IDEAS suggested to help enhance the Region's LRT system design towards greater cost-effectiveness would help create a World-class Sustainable Innovation that is Smart Transit.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Some hi-tech community leaders want to amalgamate the cities of Waterloo and Kitchener. Their prime motivation is so that the new city -- likely Waterloo because the name has greater value in the World -- can have a "bigger World splash". </font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Certainly being big enough to be noticed on the World stage is very important for university and business success. But to follow the example of the University of Waterloo who has extended its campus to Stratford -- and WLU to Brantford -- "why not" extend the Region of Waterloo to a more inclusive Greater Waterloo District (like Toronto's GTA and Vancouver's GVRD)?</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Our Greater Waterloo District could include Cambridge, Guelph, Stratford, Woodstock, Brantford and</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">(where applicable) their associated Counties. And especially if this also becomes our broader Knowledge</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Capitla of Canada focus, then -- as we rapidly develop -- what a World splash we will create!</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">More, we will also have an expanding Grand River Line (or GO-Transit SW) to sustainably and</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">efficiently connect us. And Jim Balsillie would have a perfect area for his new NHL team, the Waterloo</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Innovators.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px; ">The resulting smart LRT infrastructure would be an essential support as we create a wonderful Knowledge and Innovation exemplar to the World -- where collaboration and sustainability are championed -- of which all Canadians can be proud! Now the Provincial and Federal governments would see our enhanced LRT system design proposal as part of a Grand Plan in harmony with our highest innovative aspirations. </span></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3">Then our higher level politicians can better justify to the people of Ontario and Canada why this area -- potentially a Greater Waterloo District -- would merit scarce government financial resources for our LRT project.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><b>Robert Milligan</b> is a member of Transport Action Ontario (formerly Transport 2000). He has a BSc in math-physics. a Graduate Diploma in Education and has completed many other courses including ones in industrial engineering, operations research and environmental health. He was a high school teacher, business systems analyst and environmental health analyst. Much of his time in retirement is now given freely to public projects, especially those with significant environmental and health features.</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; "><div class="photoSource" style="margin-top: 0px; "><img alt="The River LINE operates" height="133" width="304" style="margin-top: 0px; " src="cid:A9B9871A-3B2E-4495-BE1E-CECA4A6EA0C1@lan"></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; ">The River LINE operates on the same rails as Conrail via a temporal separation. While <b>River LINE </b>vehicles are on the tracks, Conrail is not allowed on and vice versa.</div></span></font></div></span></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">(<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px; ">See</span> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 9px; "><a href="http://www.masstransitmag.com/print/Mass-Transit/Unique-Rail/1$2192)">http://www.masstransitmag.com/print/Mass-Transit/Unique-Rail/1$2192)</a></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 18px; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><a href="http://www.stadlerrail.com/en/vehicles/gtw/" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 100%; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; text-decoration: none; padding-top: 8px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 8px; float: left; width: 223px; background-image: url(http://www.stadlerrail.com/media/img/vehicle_finder_bg.jpg); background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: white; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); background-position: 0px -1px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal; "><br></span></font></a></span></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><a href="http://www.stadlerrail.com/en/vehicles/gtw/" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 100%; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; text-decoration: none; padding-top: 8px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 8px; float: left; width: 223px; background-image: url(http://www.stadlerrail.com/media/img/vehicle_finder_bg.jpg); background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: white; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); background-position: 0px -1px; "><img alt="Pic for GTW" height="49" width="72" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-size: 100%; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: transparent; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 9px; float: left; clear: both; height: 58px; " src="cid:4BAEF867-0A33-4070-B73F-7BFBBBB7D4BC@lan"></a></span></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; ">Newer GTW version </div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; ">of above Stadler LRT</div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; "><div><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; "><div id="attachment_1136" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 310px; float: left; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-right: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; "><a href="http://metro-cincinnati.info/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/streetcar_pdx_construction.jpg" style="color: rgb(84, 97, 136); "><img class="size-medium wp-image-1136" title="streetcar_pdx_construction" alt="" width="300" height="210" style="border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; max-width: 99%; " src="cid:440F2666-E6B2-4115-99BE-1AA8F389D74B@lan"></a><p class="wp-caption-text" style="font-style: italic; margin-top: 0.2em; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; ">New construction along the route of the Portland Streetcar (Photo: Brad Thomas / CincyStreetcar Blog)</p><div style="text-align: center; "><br></div></div></span></span></font></div></span></span></div></span></div></span></span></div></span></div></span></font></div></span></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><br></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><br></span></font></div></span></span></div></span></div></span></span></div></span></div><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(45, 45, 45); font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; "><div class="photoCaption" style="margin-top: 0px; font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; "><i><br></i></div></span></span></div></span></div></span></span></div></span><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><b><br></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px; ">(Case Study: Portland Streetcar,</span> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 9px; "><a href="http://metro-cincinnati.info/?page_id=982)">http://metro-cincinnati.info/?page_id=982)</a></span></span></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><b><br></b></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><b>Note: Pictures can be better arranged with better software</b>.</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b>APPENDIX</b></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><br></b></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-weight: normal; "><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; ">1. SUGGESTED RIDERSHIP CORRIDOR</span></b></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; ">The "train" LRT rail right-of-way corridor could extend from a new park-and-go terminal at Northfield Dr. to the existing Ainslie St. Terminal. <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">It would be composed of the following sections: Waterloo spur line -- Caroline Street -- Iron Horse Trail (rail/trail) -- north side of main CN line (via new 45 degree underpass) -- King/Joseph multi-modal HUB -- CN/CP spur line south to other side (~500m) of Grand R. -- bypass of CP/Toyota switching yard to Fountain St. -- parallel to CP track to Dolph St. AND CP line crossing Riverside Park and Speed R (new) to Dolph St. (rush hours only) -- CN line to Hespler Rd. -- existing Grand Trunk corridor (via CP line underpass) -- Mill Creek Trail (rail/trail) -- Wellington St. The only extraordinary costs would for the 45 degree CN underpass and for a minority share of the costs of the Riverside Park (berm) and Speed River (bridge) crossing.</span></span></b></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div></span></b></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><br></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></div></span></div><div><div><b>2. Why Cambridge & a Berm/Bridge Crossing of Riverside Pk., Speed R., Eagle St., ... ?</b></div><div><b> </b></div><div>If an LRT is going to be built in the Region, certainly it is unfair to not have Cambridge</div><div>connected from the beginning with all its attendant benefits for Cambridge. But even the K-W part of the LRT will suffer. That is, by not including Cambridge fewer people will use the K-W section because the BRT "feeder" in Cambridge will by its nature (buses have a stigma, etc.) attract fewer people.</div><div><br></div><div>Also, the current LRT system design was primarily intended to intensify (according to Ken & Carl) with ridership a poor second. I am certainly not against intensification when roads are ready and once we are more certain that it can work by an initial "proving" intensification corridor (K-W's King West/ South)</div><div><div></div></div><div><br></div><div>My enhanced design proposal puts a much greater emphasis on ridership. This is especially important because if ridership is very low in relation to cost, then the LRT will be given a failure stigma and be less persuasive with intensifying developers.</div><div><br></div><div>But as we prosper, traffic problems will worsen. The LRT can help greatly <b>IF <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">it is designed to attract the middle class out of their cars (now it is mostly students and the working poor). Primarily that means a much shorter travel time than the current road-dominant design permits. And the only way to achieve much lower travel times is to have a fast "ridership" corridor along the existing rail right-of-way -- with interconnected intensification corridors as needed.</span></b></div><div><br></div><div>However, there is a major problem with using the rail right-of-way -- that of obtaining good cooperation from the railways, especially CP. You know well the difficulties the Region had with CP over the Hespler Rd. overpass. But now CP has a problem themselves -- a Toyota affecting problem of potentially great magnitude, But it is also a potential problem for Cambridge and the Region. </div><div><br></div><div>A CP employee told me that the Eagle to Fountain grade is among the worst in their rail net work, especially since curvature is equivalent to grade. Yes they do have a problem going up the grade which I have known for some time -- occasionally they can't make it to the top of the grade! But I didn't know that they had a much worse type of problem going down -- <b>a very serious safety problem! <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">Yes their brakes are adequate for normal grades but this grade is not normal. As a result, they often find themselves going too fast as they cross </span>the curvilinear Speed River bridge, a bridge of questionable adequacy! </b></div><div><br></div><div><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">Just imagine what might happen to current production &/or future expansion at the Toyota plant if a rail tragedy occurred because the the bridge collapsed -- especially when the new Woodstock facility is likely capable of significant expansion! </span></b></div><div><br></div><div>And this potential problem must be further underlined by the potential loss on life including the engineeer and many on the adjacent road bridge as the rail cars coming down the grade pile-up!</div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b>But more<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">,</span> an increasing likely large storm could cause a raging Speed River<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "> -- as it curves around the river bend going in the direction of that section of rail line (in the floodplain adjacent to the river) between the bridge and the Eagle St. crossing -- </span>to wipe out that section of track! </b></div><div><br></div><div><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">With all these actual and potential problems, it is no wonder that CP wants a solution. </span>And their preferred solution is a crossing of Riverside Park, the Speed River, Eagle St., Westminster St., Laurel St., ... .</b></div><div><div><div><br></div><div>But, to make this crossing they would need the cooperation/approval of Cambridge, the Region, GRCA, etc. Obviously -- because of Toyota at least -- it is Cambridge's advantage to cooperate. However, government (F & P +) money would be needed. Also existing laws may require direct government participation in the project to help deal with existing laws, regulations, policies, etc. (a public/private partnership?). </div><div><br></div><div>For example, the Region could use the money it would otherwise spend on a 3-track bridge across the Speed R. and put that towards its junior partnership share in the "Park Crossing & Bridge" P/P joint venture. But in return the Region could require from CP at least: 1) exclusive use of the CP spur line (from Courtland Ave, to approx. 200m. from the Grand River Bridge on the Cambridge side) between the hours of 5:00 AM and 1:00 AM: 2) exclusive use of the "Park Crossing & Bridge" during rush-hour periods.</div><div><br></div><div>This is called <b>synergistic collaboration</b> where all parties involved (Cambridge, Region, CP, Toyota, Prov,, Feds, -- even GEXR) directly and indirectly benefit in ways not otherwise possible.</div><div><br></div><div>And this is but one IDEA that is part of an enhanced LRT system design for a much more successful LRT that i<b>ncludes Cambridge from the get-go -- and so that the K-W section has greater ridership and thereby greater intensification!</b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; ">3. Hamilton & Wireless systems using battery or fuel cells </span></div><div><br></div><div>So much money could be saved on the need for 3 copper wire systems (catenary + 2 stray current wires) if we were more forwardly innovative in our thinking as they are in Hamilton, viz.</div><div><br></div>"<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 19px; ">Hamilton itself is planning for two LRT lines, which should be among the first generation to be built. These lines should be built in Hamilton using the most competitive and advanced technology available (e.g. wireless systems using battery or fuel cells).</span>"<div><a href="http://hamiltonlightrail.com/article/coc_resolution_light_rail_transit_made_in_hamilton/">http://hamiltonlightrail.com/article/coc_resolution_light_rail_transit_made_in_hamilton/</a></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div> They did it with <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; "><a name="battery">Storage battery cars <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; ">way back in " ...</span></a></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; "><a href="http://imagescn.technomuses.ca/railways/index_choice.cfm?id=49&photoid=1125672859" target="_misc"><img width="100" height="64" alt="Canadian Northern electric car 100 built by Brill in 1917 (CN)" title="Canadian Northern electric car 100 built by Brill in 1917 (CN)" align="left" src="cid:514E81F0-978D-46E1-9802-AEC1165100F4@lan"></a></span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; "> the 1920's and 1930's (when) three Canadian mainline railways, <i>Canadian National Railways</i>, <i>Canadian Pacific Railway Company</i>, and <i>Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway</i> operated storage battery cars on several lines. In most of these cases service never approached interurban levels, nor were they considered separate from the railways' steam-hauled services. The largest user, the <i>CNR</i>, had retired all its storage battery cars by 1942. (Photo: CN Images of Canada: Canada Science and Technology Museum)</span>"</div><div>Locally, such a passenger rail vehicle was run by the CPR from <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; ">Galt to Hamilton, Ontario -- a trip of 55km/34.4mi.</span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><a href="http://home.cc.umanitoba.ca/~wyatt/alltime/other-modes.html">http://home.cc.umanitoba.ca/~wyatt/alltime/other-modes.html</a></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; ">That such an IDEA is feasible NOW for our LRT is suggested by the proven <b>Proterra nano-battery driven electric bus</b> (<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; "><a href="http://green.autoblog.com/2009/05/06/proterra-electric-bus-gets-over-20-mpge-in-tests/">http://green.autoblog.com/2009/05/06/proterra-electric-bus-gets-over-20-mpge-in-tests/</a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; ">):</span></span></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; ">"<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: arial; line-height: 19px; ">The Pennsylvania Transportation Institute at Penn State just had the chance to put the <a href="http://green.autoblog.com/tag/Proterra/" style="color: rgb(0, 94, 32); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">Proterra</a> electric bus through some fuel economy tests in Altoona, PA and it was there that the <a href="http://green.autoblog.com/tag/Altairnano" style="color: rgb(0, 94, 32); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">Altairnano</a>-powered people mover generated some head-turning miles per gallon equivalent (MPGe) numbers. After going through three different duty cycles, the worst result returned was 17.55 MPGe, while the best was 29.23 MPGe, earned during the "commuter" phase which featured just one stop and speeds of up to 40 mph. The "central business district" phase which included 7 stops per mile and speeds of up to 20 mph gave an impressive result of 21.35 MPGe. The performance is even more amazing when you consider that the tests were performed at a gross vehicle weight of 36,680 lbs which simulated a full complement of 38 seated passengers, another 34 standing and, of course, a driver. </span></span></font></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; "><br style="line-height: 0.8em; "></span><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: arial; line-height: 19px; ">How does that compare with buses in service today? According to Proterra president Jeff Granato, <b>"The test validated that Proterra's 35-foot transit bus achieves up to 400 percent better performance than today's conventional diesel or competitor's hybrid transit buses."</b> The results, combined with the ability to conveniently fast-charge the battery, make for a bus that's efficient, effective and, at the street level at least, emissions free. Hit the jump for a video of some battery bus riding action and a press release with more details.</span>"</span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><br></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 16px/normal 'Times New Roman'; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; ">4. </span>Designing New Light Rail: <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; font-style: italic; ">Taking Engineering Beyond Vanilla </span></b></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">"As light rail transit (LRT) systems mature and expand, outlying passengers are faced with </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">increasingly longer trip times to reach the urban core. Providing service to these customers </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">by conventional means can be disproportionately expensive for the transit carrier in terms of </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">operating and capital expense. Innovative operational practices to expedite train movements, </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">however, are often confounded by current LRT design and deployment methods. This is partly </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">attributable to design methods that follow a “stovepipe” approach to individual engineering </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">disciplines and components, rather than directing focus on optimizing railway functionality and </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">flexibility as a comprehensive entity. It is also attributable, in part, to a failure to address the </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">ultimate potential of a railway at the definition/developmental stage and to subsequently </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">articulate and document the operational requirements that are necessary to support the stated </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">mission. </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">This paper provides a survey of the critical engineering “systems” that comprise a light </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">electrified passenger railway, and suggests those that are most significant in affecting innovative </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">operational practices. It illustrates the model relationship between operations and systems design </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">by a case study based on the first implementation of express service on a modern LRT system." </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; "><a href="http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/circulars/ec058/11_01_Fazio.pdf">http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/circulars/ec058/11_01_Fazio.pdf</a></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; min-height: 15px; "> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 35px/normal 'Times New Roman'; "> </div></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 1px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 1px; "><br></span></div></span></b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><br></div></div></div></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></b></span></font></div></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="'Times New Roman'" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; font-weight: normal; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; font-size: 13px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; "><div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; "><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'"><br></font></div><div><br></div></span></font></div></span></font></div><div><br></div></span></b></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></font></div></span></div></div></div></blockquote></div><br></div></body></html>